Page Title

[1]United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Pages/WhatareHumanRights.aspx

[1]Paullin, Charles O, Edited by John K. Wright (1932). Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States. New York, New York and Washington, D.C.:: Carnegie Institution of Washington and American Geographical Society. pp. Plate 42.

*Swindler, William F., Editor (1973–1979). Sources and Documents of United States Constitutions.' 10 Volumes. Dobbs Ferry, New York: Oceana Publications. pp. Vol. 10: 17–23.

*Van Zandt, Franklin K. (1976). Boundaries of the United States and the Several States; Geological Survey Professional Paper 909. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. p. 92.

*How Virginia Got Its Boundaries, by Karl R Phillips

*Andrews, Charles M. (1924). The Colonial Background of the American Revolution. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 32–34.

[1]Hatch, Charles (1956). America's Oldest Legislative Assembly & Its Jamestown Statehouses, Appendix II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service.

 *Bosher, Kate (1907). "The First House of Burgesses". The North American Review. 184 (612): 733–39.

[1]Bean, Philip, and Meville, Joy. Lost Children of the Empire: The Untold Story of Britain's Child Migrants. London: Unwin Hyman Limited, 1989. Print. 37.

[1]Ibid., pg. 38-39

[1]Ibid., pg. 4

[1]Ibid., pgs. 4 -8, 11, 16, 18, 38-39

[1]Humphreys, Margaret. Empty Cradles: One Woman's Fight to Uncover Britain's Most Shameful Secret. London: Transworld Publishers LTD, 1994. Print. pg. 43

[1]Humphreys, pg. 57

[1]Ibid., Introduction

[1]Ibid., pgs. 41, 44, 56

[1]Indigenous Foundations Arts UBC Canada. The University of British Columbia. Copyright 2009. First Nations and Indigenous Studies. http://indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca/home/government-policy/sixties-scoop.html

[1]Philp, Margaret (2002). "The Land of Lost Children," The Globe and Mail, Saturday, December 21, 2002, & Crey, Ernie, & Fournier, Suzanne (1998). Stolen From Our Embrace. The Abduction of First Nations Children and the Restoration of Aboriginal Communities. D&M Publishers Inc.

[1]http://www.childmigrantstrust.com/

[1]Suche Kind, Zahle Bar – Die Adoptions lobby by Golineh Atai, a German journalist, 2009. http://www.roeliepost.com/category/tv/

[1]Schuler, Thomas. "Child Wanted, Cash Paid." The Atlantic Times, 2010. https://www.scribd.com/document/28196274/Child-Wanted-Cash-Paid-Atlantic-Times-March-2010

[1]http://www.roeliepost.com/2010/03/child-wanted-cash-paid-the-shady-world-of-adoption-by-thomas-schuler/

[1]Schuler, Thomas. "Child Wanted, Cash Paid.' The Shady World of Adoption." The Atlantic Times March 2010. Theodora Bertzi said in 2006 that this number was "not exaggerated."

[1]This article, “Adoption Under Fire,” was first published in Dutch in November of 2008, in Justitiële verkenningen

[1]Post, Roelie. Romania: For Export Only. St. Anna Parochie, Netherlands: Hoekstra, 2007. Print. www.roeliepost.com

8, 2015 Posted September. "The EU’s u-turn on children's rights: a pro-adoption biased interpretation of key international instruments." Against Child Trafficking. N.p., 08 Sept. 2015.

"Article 21 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Adoption." Article 21 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Adoption | Pound Pup Legacy. N.p., n.d. Web.

[1]The U.S. Department of State Archive. Office of the Spokesman. Washington, DC. December 12, 2007. "United States Ratifies the Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption." https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2007/dec/97148.htm

[1]Against Child Trafficking. "JCICS, US Adoption Trade Organisation Closure Confirmed!" Outgoing message from the JCICS. Wednesday, 24 June 2015. Board Chair, Brian Franklin. http://www.againstchildtrafficking.org/2015/06/jcics-us-adoption-trade-organisation-closure-confirmed/

[1]http://nobodyisforgotten.blogspot.com/2008/06/small-measure-of-justice-for-masha.html

https://www.childlaw.us/child_exploitation_cracks_in/#.X1U0U-eSmUk

https://www.dailybastardette.com/jcics-racist-ad-draw-ire-of-adoptees-and-adoptive-parents/

http://www.dailybastardette.com/jcics-attempts-to-flood-net-and-russia-with-positive-adoption-stories/

David M. Smolin. "Child Laundering As Exploitation: Applying Anti-Trafficking Norms to Intercountry Adoption Under the Coming Hague Regime" ExpressO (2007) Available at: http://works.bepress.com/david_smolin/4/

ABC News, Heroic Young Girl Tells of Her Child Porn Ordeal, Dec. 1, 2005, available at: http://abcnews.go.com/Primetime/LegalCenter/story?id’1364110

David Conti, Child Abuse ‘monster’ gets 35-70 years, Pittsburgh Tribune Review, November 18, 2005, available at http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/s_395759.html

http://poundpuplegacy.org/node/7490

http://poundpuplegacy.org/files/FocusOnAdoptionMission.pdf

[1]Reverend Jim Jones, cult leader and adoptive father best known for spearheading the Jonestown Massacres (also known for shaming and guilting his congregation into adopting), depended upon his followers to "stay positive" in their new home in Guyana, South America. This zealous attitude of avoidance regarding blatant abuse eventually led "his people" to their deaths. In a forthcoming book, I incorporate FBI transcripts of the reverend and his wife at the time of receiving two Korean-born children during a televised church event. Later on, both children died: one in a car accident soon after obtainment; and the other during the Jonestown massacre. I also include a telephone transcript of the third Korean-born adoptee's conversation with Reverend Jim Jones' wife (the children's adoptive mother) reflecting the young woman's opinion on her adoption placement with this infamous couple who flaunted images of themselves as a "rainbow family."

[1]Brace, Charles Loring. "The Life of Charles Loring Brace: Chiefly told in his own Letters." New York: C. Scribners Sons. 1894. http://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:4898539$44i

[1]Brace, Charles Loring. The life of Charles Loring Brace: chiefly told in his own letters. New York: C. Scribner's Sons, 1894. CHAPTER VI page 157 - 158 (seq. 172) Collection Development Department, Widener Library, HCL Harvard University 09 April 2016 http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:920265?n=172

[1]Brace, Charles Loring. The life of Charles Loring Brace: chiefly told in his own letters. New York: C. Scribner's Sons, 1894. CHAPTER VI page 157 - 158 (seq. 172) Collection Development Department, Widener Library, HCL Harvard University 09 April 2016 http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:920265?n=172

[1]"American Experience." American Experience. The Orphan Trains Transcript | PBS. N.p., n.d.

 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/orphan/orphants.html

[1]Harvard pg. 159

[1]Stephen O'Conner Orphan Trains: The Story of Charles Loring Brace and the Children He Saved and Failed. Houghton Mifflin Company. New York. 2001 Introduction

[1]http://www.kancoll.org/articles/orphans/or_homes.htm (97 charities placed out) "Orphan train riders, offspring seek answers about heritage" USA Today http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/parenting-family/adoption/story/2012-01-24/Orphan-train-riders-offspring-seek-answers-about-heritage/52779412/1

[1]Coffey, Marilyn June. Mail-Order Kid: An Orphan Train Rider's Story, Nebraska: "out West" Press, 2001. Introduction: xix

[1]Dianne Creagh, "The Baby Trains: Catholic Foster Care and Western Migration, 1873-1929," Journal of Social History (2012) 46#1 pp 197-218

"Orphan Trains The Story of Charles Loring Brace and the Children He Saved and Failed." The New York Times. The New York Times, n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2017. <http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/o/oconnor-01orphan.html>.

[1]Ibid., pgs. 17 - 20

[1]Ibid., pg. 17

[1]Coffey, Marilyn June. Mail-Order Kid: An Orphan Train Rider's Story, Nebraska: "out West" Press, 2001. Print. pg. 34

[1]Ibid., pgs. 197 -199

[1]Brennan, Emily. "New York Adoptees Fight for Access to Birth Certificates." The New York Times. June 15, 2014.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/16/nyregion/adopted-children-fight-for-access-to-birth-certificates.html?_r=0

http://bastards.org/bb-know-thine-enemies/

[1]http://www.commercialappeal.com/entertainment/author-spent-16-years-delving-into-the-power-georgia-tann-wielded-and-the-victims-she-left-ep-398841-323991321.html

[1]Raymond, Barbara Bisantz. The Baby Thief: The Untold Story of Georgia Tann, the Baby Seller Who Corrupted Adoption. New York: Sterling Publishing Company, 2007. Print. pg. 46

[1]Ibid., pgs. 47 - 48

[1]"Welcome House: A Historical Perspective". Pearl S. Buck International. Retrieved 2015-04-06.

[1]Raymond pg. 101

[1]Ibid., pgs. 109 -110, 115

[1]According to the Economic and Social Affairs from the United Nations report on Child Adoptions: Trends and Policies (2009), all nations except for twelve, allow for single men to adopt. Adult intercountry adoptees who are aware of this, find it shocking that overseas adoptions are considered better protection for children or deemed in the child's best interest over the idea for these children staying in their own homes and their own communities.

[1]Raymond pg. 101

[1]Ibid., pg. 139

[1]Ibid., pg. 118

[1]Ibid., pgs. 102 – 108. 118, 139

[1]Browning, Maria. "She Terrified People: Finally, a book tells the story of Tennessee's infamous baby seller." July 17, 2008. Nashville Scene. http://www.nashvillescene.com/nashville/she-terrified-people/Content?oid=1197170

Note on The Baby Thief: On adoptee forums, a few US-born domestic adoptees voiced being bothered that the book was written by an adoptive parent who vied for closed adoption records and was "as vengeful as Tann was." They were bothered that adopters are, "hogging all the attention." The Baby Thief was made into a television movie, called Stolen Babies, starring Mary Tyler Moore.

[1]D'Arcy, Claudia Corrigan. "Interviewing with Dan Rather Reports." Musings of the Lame, April 8, 2012.

http://www.adoptionbirthmothers.com/interviewing-with-dan-rather-reports/

[1]Joyce, Katherine. The Child Catchers: Rescue, Trafficking and the New Gospel of Adoption. PublicAffairsTM. New York. 2013. pg. 100

[1]"More than six million American mothers surrendered children for adoption. In the wake of Oregon’s decision to open records, society has a renewed interest in these heretofore invisible women. America has been unwilling to look behind the scenes at adoption practices. After all, adoption is so sacred that it was enshrined on a postage stamp. Myths surround these mothers, who are either cast as sacrificial heroines or vilified as unnatural women who abandoned babies. Society believes that these mothers willingly gave up their babies and that they want privacy from their adult children. Fact is, these women long for contact and were never promised privacy.

It is important to hear this story so you understand that these women were pressured on all sides into surrendering their children and that in many cases their human rights were violated. I know this story because it is my story and the story of many others like me." "When a mother loses her child to closed adoption, it feels as if her child has died, yet there is no wake, no funeral, no sympathy cards, no public acknowledgment. There are no friends or relatives to offer comfort and support. There is no obituary, no grave to visit, no flowers to bring, no grieving permitted, and no closure." "The Baby Scoop Era (BSE) "Adoption History – Setting the Record Straight" by Karen Wilson Buterbaugh first published in Moxie Magazine, April 6, 2001. http://www.originsamerica.org/adoption-articles/the-baby-scoop-era-bse/

[1]Professor Elizabeth J. Samuels from the Baltimore School of Law

[1]Raymond (104)

[1]Samuels, Elizabeth J., How Adoption in America Grew Secret; Birth Records Weren't Closed for the Reasons You Might Think (October 21, 2001). Washington Post, p. B.05, Sunday, October 21, 2001. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1282262

[1]Andrews, Valerie. "Language of Adoption" in the category of Adoption Practices. Origins, Canada. “Birthmothers” are a contemporary construction. In fact, “birthmothers” did not exist before the 1970s. The term “birthmother” was devised by adoption professionals to reduce a woman to a biological function. This term marginalizes mothers and creates a role for them in society that does not allow them to fully embrace their lived experience as a mother. The term also implies that the bond of mother and child within adoption ends at birth. The earliest recorded use of the terms “birthmother” and “birth parents” are in articles written by adoptive parent Pearl S. Buck in 1955, 1956, and 1972. They were further used in articles published between 1974 and 1976 by adoption workers Annette Baran and Reuben Pannor and social work professor Arthur Sorosky (Origins Canada, 2011)." Andrews also includes two pertinent quotes: “Language is very powerful. Language does not just describe reality. Language creates the reality it describes.” from Desmond Tutu and "Language can be discriminatory when we fail to consider the assumptions which inform the words we use. It expresses cultural norms and belief systems which are often so entrenched in language as to appear ‘normal’, or ‘true’. “Watch your Language”, University of Melbourne "Adoption Statistics". The Adoption History Project. The University of Oregon. Retrieved 17 October 2014.

[1]Once Removed: Voices from Inside the Adoption Triangle, Redmond, Sleightholm 1982.

[1]Adoption Wisdom, by Marlou Russell, Ph.D.

[1]http://home.att.net/~judy.kelly/SResults... http://unlockingtheheart.com/www/A_resources.htm

viii & ix: introduction. "many involving children she had kidnapped."

[1]"Because those of us in a crisis pregnancy are faced with stress, fear and loss, we’re naturally prone to denial. That’s one thing that makes thinking clearly about adoption so tricky. Another is that it’s very hard to accurately imagine what adoption will be like. You really don’t know until you’ve done it—and in many states, once you give your right to parent to someone else, there is no turning back. We at Concerned United Birthparents feel it’s the duty of every birthparent to share what we wish we had known when we were considering adoption. The words that follow are not intended to be anti-adoption. The fact is that adoption might well be the best plan for you and your child—but in order to be a truly good thing, it needs to be a well-considered decision, made at least twice—once before the birth, once after. Your decision will not be fully informed unless you hear the negative aspects of adoption as well as the positive. Following are the most common regrets birthparents have voiced." 1) I wish I had known that family preservation should come first. 2) I wish I had known the extent to which adopted children deal with issues of abandonment. 3) I wish I had known that I wasn’t carrying my child for someone else and that it wasn’t my responsibility to help the infertile couples of the world. 4) I wish I had known that society dislikes and fears birthparents. 5) “I wish I had known the ways in which agency adoptions may be safer than private adoptions. 6) I wish I had known that professionals who say they are there to help you are in actuality serving the real client, the prospective adoptive parent. 7) “I wish I had known that numerous internet resources exist for birthmothers and women in crisis pregnancies to find each other and talk. 8) “I wish I had known the difference between truly open adoption and a semi-open one. 9. “I wish I had known that in most states, open adoption agreements are not legally enforceable. “I wish I had known there was no need to rush my decision; that it could have waited until after the birth.” 11) “I wish I had known how much I was going to love my child.” 12) “I wish I had known that the pain of adoption never goes away.” 13) “I wish I had known that the effects of adoption are so far-reaching. 14) “I wish I had known that in putting my baby first, I didn’t have to put myself last." Ganz, Sheila. "Unlocking the Heart of Adoption: Bridging the gap between birth and adoptive families." San Francisco, CA. 2015. For a brochure on the aforementioned list, go to: http://hslowe.tripod.com/BOOKLET.pdf at http://unlockingtheheart.com/www/A_resources.htm

[1]Nemy, Enid. "Adopted Children Who Wonder, 'What Was Mother Like?' The New York Times, July 25, 1972.

https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/25/archives/adopted-children-who-wonder-what-was-mother-like.html

[1] Dusky, “Yearning,” The New York Times, March 1, 1975.

[1] Dusky, “A Natural Mother Speaks Out on Adoptees’ Right to Know,” Town & Country, October 1976.

[1] Assembly: Sealed Adoption Records and Identity, April 28, 1976. Retrieved: http://web.archive.org/web/20081109045659/http:/www.bastards.org/activism/local/ny/hearings.html

[1] Wayne Carp, Family Matters, Secrecy and Disclosure in the History of Adoption (Cambridge, MA, and London, 1998), p. 205.

[1] Carp, pps. 179-180.

[1] Carp, p. 185.

[1] Judy Klemesrud, “Mothers Find the Children They Gave Up,” The New York Times, August 29, 1983, B 5.

[1]DeMeyer, Trace. One Small Sacrifice: Lost Children of the Indian Adoption Projects. Blue Hand Books, Greenfield, Massachusetts. 2010/2012. Second Edition. (Out of Print. Author, now known as Trace Lara Hentz).

[1]pg. 64 -65

[1]Riben, Mirah. "The Insensitivity of Adoption Day Celebrations." Huffington Post. 5.06.15 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mirah-riben/the-insensitivity-of-adoption-day-celebrations_b_7207100.html Hicks, Patrick. 'Gotcha Day,' Meeting Your Adopted Child.' Huffington Post.4.27.15. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/patrick-hicks/gotcha-day-meeting-your-adopted-child_b_7102480.html

Riben, Mirah. "Adoptees and the Original Parents Speak Out About National Adoption Awareness Month (NAAM) Huffington Post. 10.29.16 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/adoptees-and-the-original-parents-speak-out-about-national_us_58155e30e4b09b190529c5e8

[1]Jacobs, Margeret. A Generation Removed (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2014).

*Bureau of Indian Affairs Press Release, March 14, 1966.

Palmiste, Claire. “From the Indian Adoption Project to the Indian Child Welfare Act: the resistance of Native American communities,” Indigenous Policy Journal Vol. XXII, No. 1 (Summer 2011)

http://upstanderproject.org/firstlight/iap

*A minimum of 25 percent of all Indian children are either in foster homes, adoptive homes, and or boarding schools. Senator James Abourezk, 1977 Senate Hearing.

Joyce, Kathryn. "The Adoption Crunch, The Christian Right, and the Challenge to Indian Sovereignty." Political Research Associates. February 23, 2014. http://www.politicalresearch.org/2014/02/23/the-adoption-crunch-the-christian-right-and-the-challenge-to-indian-sovereignty/

[1]Gibbs, Nancy & Duffy, Michael. The Preacher and the Presidents: Billy Graham in the White House. New York: Center Street, 2007. pg. 22

[1]Ibid., pg. 15

[1]Ibid., pg. 16

[1]Ibid., pg. 11

[1]Gibbs, Nancy & Duffy, Michael. The Preacher and the Presidents: Billy Graham in the White House. New York: Center Street, 2007.

[1]Billy Graham Evangelical Association Billy Graham.org Media Resources and Press Kit. The website offers a list of archived television sermons. http://billyGraham.org/tv-and-radio/television/classics/

[1]Statement from my adoptive father, a former choir director, Sunday school teacher, youth group leader, Boy Scout leader, and ruling elder and fan of Billy Graham.

[1]"BGEA History." Billy Graham Evangelistic Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2017. <https://billygraham.org/news/media-resources/electronic-press-kit/bgea-history/>.

[1]Media website Resource page from Billy Graham's news. "Timeline of Historic Events." Gives a listing of significant crusades, rallies, broadcasts, and expansion from 1947 to 2013. http://billyGraham.org/news/media-resources/electronic-press-kit/bgea-history/timeline-of-historic-events/ *https://faithinspires.wordpress.com/2016/09/03/new-film-from-the-billy-graham-evangelistic-associations-my-hope-ministry-launched-online-sept-1/

[1] Gillenson, Lewis W. Billy Graham and Seven Who Were Saved. New York: Trident Press, 1967. Pg. 8

[1]"For one more revival, rise up Korean churches, remembering Billy Graham in Korea 1970s."

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qFJVdAQi8Ko Retrieved June 2016.

[1]Pollock, John. The Billy Graham Story: Revised and Updated Edition of To All the Nations by Rev. Dr. John Charles Pollock. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, Nov. 16, 2003. Pg. 122. Print.

[1]"1973, Billy Graham," uploaded by cmimediaus. Retrieved June 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFCPTPx5380

[1]Pollock, John. The Billy Graham Story: Revised and Updated Edition of To All the Nations by Rev. Dr. John Charles Pollock. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, Nov. 16, 2003. Pg. 122. Print.

[1]June 3, 1973: Billy Graham Preaches to 1.1 million in Korea - The Billy Graham Library Blog." The Billy Graham Library. N.p., 02 Mar. 2016. Web. 28 Apr. 2017. <https://billygrahamlibrary.org/june-3-1973-billy-graham-preaches-to-1-1-million-in-korea/>. https://billygrahamlibrary.org/june-3-1973-billy-graham-preaches-to-1-1-million-in-korea/

[1]The Seattle Times. "Billy Graham To Visit Seattle And Tacoma." Saturday, October 13, 1990. http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19901013&slug=1097999

United Press International "Billy Graham Begins Weeklong Crusade." May 15, 1983. http://www.upi.com/Archives/1983/05/15/Billy-Graham-begins-week-long-crusade/4352421819200/

[1]Graham, Ruth "So You Want to Adopt" The 700 Club c/o Christian Broadcasting Network.

http://www.cbn.com/700club/guests/bios/ruth_Graham092206.aspx?mobile=false

[1]"Ruth Graham: When Your Daughter Says 'I'm Pregnant.'" Christian Broadcasting Network. Retrieved 2016.

 http://www1.cbn.com/700club/ruth-Graham-when-your-daughter-says-im-pregnant

[1]Yi Sun-ae, Peurancheseuka Ri Seutori (Seoul: Raendeom Hauseu Jungang, 2005).

[1]In February 1933, Rhee met Austrian Franziska Donner in Geneva. At the time, Rhee was participating in a League of Nations meeting and Donner was working as an interpreter. In October 1934, they were married in New York City. She also acted as his secretary. They adopted a boy, Rhee In-soo Yi In-su or 이인수 - (b. September 1, 1931). In 1960, the 84-year-old Rhee won his fourth term in office as President with 90% of the vote. His presidency ended in resignation following popular protests against a disputed election. On April 28, 1960, a DC-4 belonging to the United States Central Intelligence Agency and operated by Civil Air Transport, covertly flew Rhee out of South Korea. The former president, his Austrian-born wife Franziska Donner, and adopted son then lived in exile in Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S. On July 19, 1965, Rhee died of a stroke at the age of 90.

프란체스카 [Francesca]. Encyclopedia of Korean culture (in Korean). Academy of Korean studies. [李承晩] [Rhee Syngman]. Doopedia (in Korean). Doosan Corporation. Retrieved March 12, 2014.

 https://www.everipedia.com/Syngman_Rhee/

[1]Bishop, Bill. The Register-Guard. June 1984. https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19840619&id=X2sVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=keEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5586,4781019&hl=en http://poundpuplegacy.org/node/32600

[1]http://www.medicaldaily.com/adopted-teens-4-times-more-likely-attempt-suicide-stark-reminder-clinicians-should-take-parental

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/early/2013/09/04/peds.2012-3251.full.pdf

http://www.tobiashubinette.se/

[1]This couple happened to be married first cousins. Baker, Mark. "Children Changing Lives." The Register-Guard. 2006. Gale Group, a Thomson Corporation Company.

https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Children+changing+lives.-a0153322085

[1]Holt, Bertha. Bring My Sons From Afar: The Unfolding of Harry Holt's Dream. Eugene: Holt International Children's Services, 1986. Print. (13)

[1]World Vision, Inc. "Dead Men On Furlough 1954 with Bob Pierce." Uploaded by World Vision Video Department. (2012) https://vimeo.com/37189667

[1]Holt pg. 11 -12

[1]Holt pg. 16

[1]Holt pgs. 27, 81, 102

[1]Dodds, Peter F. (2015) "The Parallels between International Adoption and Slavery," Sociology Between the Gaps: Forgotten and Neglected Topics: Vol. 1, Article

10. Available at: http://digitalcommons.providence.edu/sbg/vol1/iss1/10

[1]Joyce, Kathryn. "Orphan Fever: The Evangelical Movement Adoption Obsession: When devout Christian families made it their mission to save children from war-torn countries, the match was often far from heavenly." Mother Jones. May/June 2013

http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2013/04/christian-evangelical-adoption-liberia

[1]Kim, Dr. David Hyungbok. Who Will Answer... Eugene. Holt International. 2006 pg. 122

[1]Nehrbass, Daniel Ph. D., President of Nightlight Christian Adoptions. "Adoption PREVENTS Trafficking." https://www.nightlight.org/2016/02/adoption-prevents-trafficking/ & https://adoption.com/Prevent-trafficking-adopt

[1]Kim, Dr. David Hyungbok. Who Will Answer... Eugene. Holt International. 2006 pg. 254

[1]The New York Times. "Harry Holt, Who Found Parents For 3,000 Korean Orphans, Dies; Oregon farmer is Stricken at 59 Near Seoul on New Adoption' Trip." April 29, 1964.

http://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/29/harry-holt-who-found-parents-for-3000-korean-orphans-dies.html?_r=0

[1]Kim pgs. 102, 106, 108, 122, 199, 200, 254, 217, 370, 371

[1]San Diego State University. Department of Religious Studies. "Alternative Considerations of Jonestown and Peoples Temple" at Jonestown Institute. Q415 Summary prepared by Fielding M. McGehee III.

http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=27453 Audio of Reverend Jim and Marceline Jones' obtainment of Lew Eric and Stephanie

Audio of Reverend Jim and Marceline Jones' obtainment of Lew Eric and Stephanie Jones I checked with Korean organizations regarding the comment that lepers from South Korea searched for and ate children so that the lepers could "grow back their limbs," an accusation made by the television host later on in the recording, which motivated westerners to apply for children. This is one of many lies made against the Koreans that added to the defamation of their character, justifying the evangelical child market for intercountry adoption. ADDITIONAL NOTE: In the 1950s, just after the Korean War, the natives were left with the impression that the orphanages served as child welfare stations (or hospital or sanctuary), which would provide temporary care until they could get back on their feet (or get their finances in order). This trust is the reason many of the children were "abandoned" there. Today, Korean adoptees are discovering that their families had gone back to request for their children, unprepared for the permanent separation. They found that the children had already been sent overseas for intercountry adoption without any notification whatsoever. Staff members never considered inviting families inside the facilities (or to provide resources to keep families intact). The citizens were led to believe that the foreign charities could only care for children. Due to poverty and disempowerment, the parents did not have the audacity to ask if they, too, could receive assistance.

[1]Dan Rather's 2014 program on AXS TV, "Unwanted in America: The Shameful Side of International Adoption. Commentary can be found from Mirah Riben at Huffington Post:

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mirah-riben/preventing-unadoption-tragedies_b_6325132.html

[1]And pertinent comments on the forum. A favorite by an adoptee: “Acts of benevolence by the color-blind privileged add yet another layer of violence to the personhood of vulnerable little people, compounding their losses. The redistribution of children of color is rooted in the marginalization of ethnic groups and the propensity to make fetish objects of their children. It is no charity to exploit a time of tragedy – or any time – to take a nation’s most valuable resource for personal gain. It is a sad statement when those that capitalize on tragedy pat themselves on the back for their charity. The truly charitable would offer to help victims to help themselves. This feeding frenzy we are witnessing today by would-be child importers truly reveals the darkest aspects of man’s ability to rationalize the ugliest of acts. It’s high time we respect the humanity of all peoples by preserving families and allowing them the dignity to build their own strong societies without the intervention of self-interested parties. THAT would be the action of an enlightened, advanced, civil society.” https://forbiddenfamily.com/tag/keep-siblings-together-in-haiti/

[1]Pirani, Salima. "Adoption is not the Answer." International Adoption Facts. November 2, 2006.

First posted http://www.thestar.com/printArticle/114406. But also can be found, here:

https://sites.google.com/site/internationaladoptionfacts/adoption-is-not-the-answer

[1]"American would-be adopters, the Catholic Church, international adoption agencies and independent adoption facilitators applied pressure on the Haitian government in order to airlift the alleged orphans before anyone could confirm whether their parents or relatives are still alive -- At this writing, the first 500 or so alleged orphans were airlifted to the U.S. (according to the U.S. State Department)and 900 children were in process of being adopted from Haiti and placed in U.S. homes." http://www.amfor.net/babybrokers/#haiti

[1]Excerpted from Afrikan World News: Assata Shakur Forums. http://www.assatashakur.org/forum/afrikan-world-news/41387-u-s-citizens-arrested-children-taken-haiti-without-permission.html and commentary from http://www.amfor.net/babybrokers/#haiti

[1]Lacey, Marc. "Haiti Charges Americans With Child Abduction." The New York Times. The New York Times, 04 Feb. 2010. Web. 27 Apr. 2017. <http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/05/world/americas/05orphans.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0>.

Bajak, Frank. "Orphan Rescue’ attempt hits nerve among Haitians" Boston.com. The Boston Globe, 01 Feb. 2010. Web. 27 Apr. 2017. <http://archive.boston.com/news/world/latinamerica/articles/2010/02/01/orphan_rescue_attempt_hits_nerve_among_haitians/>.

Excerpted from Afrikan World News: Assata Shakur Forums. http://www.assatashakur.org/forum/afrikan-world-news/41387-u-s-citizens-arrested-children-taken-haiti-without-permission.html and commentary from at http://www.amfor.net/babybrokers/#haiti

Sundby, Alex. "Haiti: Americans Improperly Took Children." CBS News. CBS Interactive, 30 Jan. 2010. Web. 27 Apr. 2017. <http://www.cbsnews.com/news/haiti-americans-improperly-took-children/>.

"Haiti PM says US missionaries knew they were doing wrong." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 02 Feb. 2010. Web. 27 Apr. 2017. <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/haiti/7132399/Haiti-PM-says-US-missionaries-knew-they-were-doing-wrong.html>.

Port-au-Prince, Nick Allen in. "Haiti earthquake: voodoo high priest claims aid monopolised by Christians." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 01 Feb. 2010. Web. 27 Apr. 2017. <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/haiti/7119572/Haiti-earthquake-voodoo-high-priest-claims-aid-monopolised-by-Christians.html>.

[1]https://www.uscis.gov/tools/glossary/orphan, The definition of orphan according to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. The Immigration and Nationality Act provides a definition of an orphan for the purposes of immigration to the United States: "A child may be considered an orphan because of the death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents. The child of an unwed mother or surviving parent may be considered an orphan if that parent is unable to care for the child properly and has, in writing, irrevocably released the child for emigration and adoption. The child of an unwed mother may be considered an orphan, as long as the mother does not marry (which would result in the child having a stepfather) and as long as the child’s biological father has not legitimated the child. If the father legitimates the child or the mother marries, the mother is no longer considered a sole parent. The child of a surviving parent may also be an orphan if the surviving parent has not married since the death of the other parent (which would result in the child’s having a stepfather or stepmother)."

[1]Stewart, Kerry. "Is Voluntourism the New Colonialism?" ABC Network Australia. Monday, March 24, 2014.

http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/encounter/5341384

[1]Australian Government response to the Senate Committee Inquiry Attorney-General's Department. https://www.ag.gov.au/About/ForcedAdoptionsApology/Pages/AustralianGovernmentresponsetotheSenateCommitteeInquiry.aspx

[1]"Adoption Lobby Alert: Counselling on how to give Informed Consent for Intercountry Adoption."

The new “Hague Adoption Convention” way to relinquish children. Instead of subsidiarity (adoption as a last resort), parents can directly [and naively] free their children for intercountry adoption. And no other help or options are offered."

http://www.againstchildtrafficking.org/2015/11/adoption-lobby-alert-counselling-on-how-to-give-informed-consent-for-intercountry-adoption/

[1]Akafate, Roman. Winning Life in America: by Achieving One Success at a Time. The Ethiopian Orphan Who Made It in America. Edited and formatted by Princeton Commercial Holdings. Washington State. 2011.

[1]Akafate pg. 61, 79, 83 – 84, 88

[1]http://www.againstchildtrafficking.org/2014/03/jcics-conference-call-adoptions-gone-toxic/http://www.againstchildtrafficking.org/wp-content/uploads/Conference-Call-JCICS-March-2014-Full-Transcript.pdf

[1]Reader reviews on Goodreads.

http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/675331.To_Train_Up_a_Child

[1]US Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs on Intercountry Adoption Statistics https://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/about-us/statistics.html

[1]JCICS presented themselves as another advocacy group for children, but because of Against Child Trafficking's proficiency, it has become evident that it was simply another voice for the adoption industry.

[1]Against Child Trafficking. "JCICS, US Adoption Trade Organisation Closure Confirmed." Retrieved Online 7.15 http://www.againstchildtrafficking.org/2015/06/jcics-us-adoption-trade-organisation-closure-confirmed/

[1]Hosseini, Bijan. "Ethiopia Bans Foreign Adoptions." CNN, Cable News Network,

3 Feb. 2018. https://www.cnn.com/2018/01/11/africa/ethiopia-foreign-adoption-ban/index.html?no-st=1540382618&fbclid=IwAR1Kborp0ZxpSA6d5ZbygDpKBZfVlhMND_XCnQ0q0-Jv5yTuJYAyNlhM5AQ

[1]Australian Human Rights Commission. "Bringing Them Home: The 'Stolen Children' Report (1997) http://www.humanrights.gov.au/our-work/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-social-justice/publications/bringing-them-home-stolen

http://stolengenerationstestimonies.com/index.php

Marten, J.A.. Children and War, NYU Press, NY p.229.

Indigenous Australians make up about 2.6% of Australia's population.

[1]My research into the practice of adoption is inspired by the Australian Aboriginals. I first learned of this indigenous community at a Boeing Parapsychology Club meeting. A man spoke to the club about his time living within a tribe. He said this community believed they were so in harmony with the land and with each other, communication came in the form of thoughts more than anything else. I became immediately attracted to their natural way of life. Their philosophy reminded me greatly of Taoism, holistic medicine and natural remedies, such as homeopathy, aromatherapy, and acupressure closely related to utilizing natural elements at its rawest form to survive and thrive. Devastatingly, like the Native Americans, the Sacred Energy Life Force got interrupted, dishonored and disrespected by the civilized man which brought us to where we are today.

[1]Matheou, Demetrios. "The long walk home." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 01 Sept. 2002. <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4728661/The-long-walk-home.html>.

[1]Matheou, Demetrios. "The Long Walk Home." The Daily Telegraph UK September 2002. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4728661/The-long-walk-home.html

[1]Flaherty, Jordan. "Saviors" Believe That They Are Better Than the People They are "Saving." AK Press. Thursday, January 05, 2017. http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/38989-saviors-believe-that-they-are-better-than-the-people-they-are-saving

 *Comments made by members on Social Media, including the Facebook Group: Adoption Truth and Transparency Worldwide Network

[1]Stephens, Tony. "Daughter dies with her story still incomplete". The Sydney Morning Herald. 15 January 2004. Retrieved 15 July 2007. http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/01/14/1073877902433.html?from=storyrhs

[1]The Australian Women's Register: An initiative of the National Foundation for Australian Women (NFAW) in conjunction with The University of Melbourne. http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE1185b.htm

 *Doris Pilkington Garimara, a novelist, is dead at 76. New York Times. 21 April 2014 http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/21/arts/doris-pilkington-garimara-novelist-is-dead-at-76.html?ref=obituaries&_r=0

 *"Pot of gold at the end of the Rabbit-Proof Fence for Doris Pilkington Garimara AM.". Australia Council. Retrieved 29 May 2008.

 *Dumas, Daisy (11 April 2014). "Doris Pilkington Garimara, author of Follow the Rabbit-Proof Fence, dead at 76". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 13 April 2014.

[1]Compiled by the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission Reconciliation and Social Justice Library https://www.humanrights.gov.au/ https://www.humanrights.gov.au/publications/bringing-them-home-chapter-3

[1]Read, Peter (2006) [1st pub. 1982]. The Stolen Generations: The Removal of Aboriginal Children in New South Wales 1883 to 1969 (PDF). Surry Hills, N.S.W: New South Wales Department of Aboriginal Affairs. ISBN 0-646-46221-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2006. "Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission: Bringing Them Home: Part 2: 4 Victoria". AustLII. 1997. Confidential Testimony 253

[1]Confidential Evidence 689

[1]http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/our-country/our-people/apology-to-australias-indigenous-peoples

[1]The Stolen Generations "The Unfortunate Life of Bruce Trevorrow." http://stolengenerations.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=181&Itemid=162

‘Stolen Generation Payout’ The Age, Australia 2 August 2007; ‘Test for Stolen Generations Payout’, The Australian, 28 February 2008

Gray, J, Trevorrow v. State of South Australia (No 5) [2007] SASC 285, Supreme Court of South Australia, Judgement of the Honorable Justice Gray, 1 August 2007, para 110. This information on the patient’s history sheet was given by Mr. and Mrs. Evans, para 815.

[1]Today, this is called rehoming and a nationwide underground epidemic in the adoptive parent community within the United States. Adoptionland.org posts articles on the crisis. https://adoptionland.org/rehoming-international-adoption/

[1]Roberts, J. "Stolen Generations Pioneer Bruce Trevorrow Dies." The Australian, Online. June 21, 2008.

http://www.theaustralian.com.au/archive/news/stolen-generations-pioneer-dies/story-e6frg6p6-1111116694899

[1][1]

[1]http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-03-21/gillard-delivers-apology-to-victims-of-forced-adoption/4585972

[1]http://www.news.com.au/national/pm-moves-to-heal-the-nation/story-e6frfkw9-1111115539560

[1]http://www.heraldsun.com.au/archive/news/transcript-of-kevin-rudds-apology-to-forgotten-australians/story-e6frf7l6-1225798255277

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3znXsldzMRo

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/8531664.stm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAZywwaLR-o Kevin Rudd apologizes on November 16, 2009, gave national apology in the Parliament to the Forgotten Australians 500,000 children

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8361891.stm

[1]http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/8361025.stm

[1]Margaret pg. 75

[1]National Archives of Australia: Forced Adoptions History Project. http://forcedadoptions.naa.gov.au/content/national-apology-forced-adoptions

[1]http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-03-21/gillard-delivers-apology-to-victims-of-forced-adoption/4585972

Prasanna, Sumithra."The Murkier Side of Adoption" January 27, 2017 https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/murkier-side-adoptions-sumithra-prasanna?published=t

Adoption Profiteering in the US alone:

D'Arcy, Claudia. "Finally! Accurate Data on Profits in Adoption." Musings of the Lame: Adoption Birthmothers: Building Bridges to Adoptions Truths. February 27, 2015. "For over a year we have been able to say with confidence that the adoption industry brought in 13 billion dollars in 2013 based on an IBIS World market research report." "New Facts on Revenue and Profits in Adoption: Adoption services by agencies and facilitators alone are supposed to bring in over 30 million dollars in profit in 2015... ." *Just in the United States and this does not include adoption placements made by adoption attorneys. http://www.adoptionbirthmothers.com/adoption-industry-profit-data-2015/

http://www.adoptionbirthmothers.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/62411-Adoption-Child-Welfare-Services-in-the-US-Industry-Report-2015.pdf

LINKS TO FBI, TRAFFICKING CASES,  AND ADOPTION FRAUD:

Adoption Scams Bilk Victims, Break Hearts. (2006, August 28). Retrieved from https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/stories/2006/august/adoptscams_082806

Cooper, J. (2019, October 10). Politician charged in human trafficking adoption scheme. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/nation/maricopa-county-assessor-indicted-on-adoption-fraud-charges/

Heisig, E. (2017, February 15). FBI raids Strongsville-based international adoption agency. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://www.cleveland.com/court-justice/2017/02/fbi_raids_strongsville-based_i.html

Kelly, D. (2019, January 11). FBI investigating Macomb County woman on suspicion of running unlicensed adoption agency, fraud. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://www.clickondetroit.com/news/2019/01/11/fbi-investigating-macomb-county-woman-on-suspicion-of-running-unlicensed-adoption-agency-fraud/

Kim, G. (2015, November 06). International Adoption's Trafficking Problem. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://harvardpolitics.com/world/international-adoptions-trafficking-problem/

Mercer, R. (n.d.). FBI Adoption. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://www.1idu.com/fbi-adoption/

Office of Public Affairs. (2019, September 05). Texas Woman Pleads Guilty to Conspiracy to Facilitate Adoptions From Uganda Through Bribery and Fraud. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/texas-woman-pleads-guilty-conspiracy-facilitate-adoptions-uganda-through-bribery-and-fraud

Oregon Dept of. (n.d.). Non-Departmental Adoptions. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://www.oregon.gov/DHS/CHILDREN/ADOPTION/INDADOPTIONS/Pages/Background-Check.aspx

Reddit Discussion. (n.d.). R/PedoGate - IMPORTANT: Info regarding Cleveland Killer that no one is talking about. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://www.reddit.com/r/PedoGate/comments/665yfv/important_info_regarding_cleveland_killer_that_no/

Taylor/ABC7, S. (2017, February 15). Families stunned after FBI raids adoption agency. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://wjla.com/features/7-on-your-side/families-stunned-after-fbi-raids-adoption-agency

Tracy Carloss, N. (2017, February 15). FBI searches debarred adoption agency. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://www.news5cleveland.com/news/local-news/oh-cuyahoga/fbi-executes-search-warrant-for-european-adoption-agency-in-strongsville

Unknown. (1970, January 01). Connect the dots ...CPS... #PEDOGATE......On the grand scale of justice! Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://outfortruthandjustice.blogspot.com/